Social and Economic Changes in the Atlantic World Due to Contacts Among Western Europe, the Americas, and Africa. Essay

From 1492 to 1750, there were many changes in the Atlantic world that were both social and economic. This occurred because of the new contact among Western Europe, the Americas, and Africa. There were several social changes that took place in Western Europe, the Americas, and Africa due to their contacts with the Atlantic world. Also, within these three regions, there were several economic changes as well. By 1750, Western Europe came to dominate both the Americas and Africa socially and economically.There were many social changes involving these three regions. When Western Europe came into contact with the Atlantic world, it underwent many changes, both good and bad. The declining of prices was helpful because it allowed the Europeans to be able to pay less for the necessities that were needed for everyday living. Now they were able to comfortably afford it. The Europeans had more money, and more of what they wanted and needed without having to worry. The Western Europeans also had more access to goods because of the 13 colonies.The colonies allowed them to obtain more necessary crops and foods that they needed to sustain a healthy lifestyle for themselves, and for their families. Industrialization was another social change, but this had more of a negative impact. Cities became overcrowded, which led to copious amounts of people living there. This is never helpful for society. The Americas contact with the Atlantic world led to several social changes. The Spanish conquistador Cortes invaded and conquered the Aztec Empire in 1519.Pizarro conquered the Incan Empire in 1532. When the Europeans invaded the New World it caused the religion of the native people to change drastically. Their religion became Christianity. The Bible was taught amongst all schools. This had an impact on all the children’s education in the Americas. They grew up learning the ways and faith of Christianity. Therefore, generations to come would grow up Christian. Source Cited: http:/ /www. antiessays. com/free-essays/341484. html

Grand Theory Written Assignment Essay

Nursing theory gathers specific information regarding aspects of nursing and utilizes these findings to communicate and describe nursing phenomena. Theories provide a framework for nursing practice and processes. Grand nursing theories are broadest in scope and provide generalizations regarding nursing situations. Grand nursing theories consist of four schools of thought. Nursing theorists bring a unique definition, approach, and focus to these specific schools of thought. The first school of thought includes theories that reflect an image of nursing as meeting the needs of patients (Meleis, 2012). When a patient is unable to meet their individual needs it is the responsibility of the nurse to provide what is necessary in assisting the patient towards independence. Virginia Henderson was a needs theorist who categorized human needs into 14 components: breathing normally, eating and drinking adequately, eliminate body wastes, move and maintain desirable postures, sleep and rest, selec t suitable clothes, maintain homeostasis, personal hygiene, protect the integument, avoid environmental dangers and injury to others, communicate with others, worship according to faith, participate in recreation, learn and discover, and work in such a way there is a sense of accomplishment (www.currentnursing.com). Henderson defined nursing as assisting with these activities to help the individual achieve independence. A person’s ability to successfully perform activities of daily living is imperative to healing. Nurses can assist patients achieve this by identifying knowledge deficits and providing the person with knowledge to help restore wholeness. The next school of thought is interaction. These theories were conceived by those who viewed nursing â€Å"†¦as an interaction process with a focus on the development of a relationship between patients and nurses† (Meleis, 2012). Interaction theorists focus on illness as an experience and nurses must implement therapeutic processes to care for the patient. Imogene King was an interaction theorist that defined nursing as â€Å"†¦a process of action, reaction, and interaction whereby nurse and client share information about their perceptions of the nursing situation and agree on goals† (Meleis, 2012). King’s theory stated that the goal of nursing is to help individuals maintain their health and share meaningful interactions to achieve their goals (Meleis, 2012). The interaction school of thought is imperative because it empowers the patient to be an active and equal participant in their own health care. The third school of thought is outcomes. These theorists strived to restore stability and bring balance to the patient and their environment (Meleis, 2012). Myra Levine was an outcomes theorist the believed that nursing is a conservation of integrities and energy (Meleis, 2012). Levine also defined nursing as patient advocacy and individualizing patient needs with compassion and commitment (Meleis, 2012). These theorists believe that effective coping mechanisms can help the patient live harmoniously. The fourth and final school of thought is caring/becoming. These theories evolved from interaction theories but they are more expansive. â€Å"The process of care is defined as a process of becoming for both clients and nurses; however, transformation is only possible if each is open to it† (Meleis, 2012). Jean Watson believed the goal of nursing to be mental and spiritual growth for human beings, (nurses and clients), and finding meaning in experiences (Meleis, 2012). The caring theory focuses more on the nurse/patient relationship compared to the interaction theory. The grand theory school of thought that is most congruent with my nursing practice is the outcomes theory. I believe that every patient responds to health issues differently. I assess what they need, what their deficits are, and how I can enable their coping mechanisms. I work at a busy trauma center and we have emergency surgeries frequently. Many of these are suction dilatation and curettages. Each woman handles this differently. So I sense and assess what they need to have the best outcome possible. Some want to leave right away, some want to stay a while, some want to see their family and some don’t. It might not be the norm to keep one of these patients for three hours, but I will keep them until they are ready to leave. I believe in patient advocacy on an individualized basis. Please refer to Table 1. Grand Theorist Information for theorist comparison.

1950s mens fashion

What Was The Fashionable sass Man Wearing? In the ass's life was changing in America. Due to the war, Europe had stopped producing fashion, this gave American designers a chance to show what they were capable of. As the wartime restrictions on fabric eased and America's economy improved, the population was able to express themselves through Men and Woman's fashion. There were certain elements of men's fashion in the sass that were standard amongst the general American population. As the war time restrictions on fabric tapered off fashion became more broad.Pleated Pants that had the big double pleats in the front, and a wide, full leg, a skinny tie and the cardigan sweater. † In America, Esquire introduced the â€Å"Bold Look, with wide shoulders, broad lapels. â€Å"(http:// incur. Com/a/union? Gallery). Because of the growing economy there was time for leisure. Men had separate clothes for leisure and work. â€Å"The suit was worn mainly for the office or heading out on the town†(http://incur. Com/a/union? Gallery'). In America after WWW there was great social and cultural change. Popular culture exploded due to mass media and consumerism.The sass brought in a number of subcultures with their own fashion. Many of these subcultures derived from musicians and movie stars like ‘James Dean' and ‘Elvis Presley, they were linked with gangs, rebellion and the teenage desire to be different. For example, The Greaser, was a style that originated amongst teenagers and young men in northeastern and southern United States. A Greaser was very well groomed, the hair was slicked back, and they wore motor cycle Jackets, white T-shirts and blue denim Shares with the cuffs rolled up. The music genre associated with the Greasers was Rock n Roll.Musicians like Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Bill Haley, and Archie Valves were huge influences on the style. â€Å"Up until the sass, men were rarely seen out and about without a hat sitting upon their head. â€Å"(http://www. Artificialness. Com/2008/03/01 [bringing-back-the-hat/). During the sass the wearing of hats declined. On the other hand the sass was considered the best era for men's hairdressing. Hairstyles were divided into the conservative, the short and the wild Rock n Roll . The main influence behind all the hairstyles was popular music and film stars.Due to the war, short haircuts like the military, crew cut and the ivy league haircuts were still in fashion. The conservative and rock n roll hairstyles used pomade to slick back the hair and create a shiny and greasy look. Pomade was used in many popular hairstyles like the pompadour, comber and the ducks erase. The popularity of sideburns rapidly increased due to Elvis Presley, and subcultures such as Greasers had side burns symbolizing post pubescent manliness. Omens shoes did not change much around the decades surrounding the sass. Men's shoes were made from leather and were typically a singular color.Dress shoes were usually Wingtips or Brogue's. Twelve Angry Men is a sass production. I have researched men's fashion in the sass, and so it would be practical to use it in the production. Wearing the correct fashion from the sass would help understand the setting better and enhance the characters personalities. The characters in the production are from a variety of different working backgrounds and social statuses. It would be very effective to use dress as a label for the different personalities on the stage. It is important in drama to exaggerate, so the audience can understand the message being sent through by the director.Table 1 . The Characters in Twelve Angry Men (http://en. Wisped. Org/wick/Twelve_Angry_Men) Table 1 shows the occupations and the personality traits of the characters in Twelve Angry Men. The costume designer can choose a costume for each of the characters based on occupation social status that I have found in my research. For example the house painter, a blue color worker. The costume designer could put him in a suit room the sass, without all of the sass fashionable changes, because he unlikely to be able to afford a more modern suit.This would help the audience to recognize his social status through his dress. If we decided to change the setting of the production, the research would not be wasted, even though fashion has changed since the sass. From my research I have found the important factors that influence fashion are mass media, consumerism, popular music and celebrities. These are still relevant today. If the play, for example, was set in 2014, these features will inform the fashion worn by the characters.

Hispanics In US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hispanics In US - Essay Example Racial abuse is a serious offence and should be dealt with serious punishments. In US the Hispanics are the largest immigrants. They migrated from the neighboring country Mexico And other Latin countries. Since these countries were not as developed as US and their socio-economic structure was on decline, many of the citizens were forced to migrate to US. In US, Hispanic immigrants have less education and less skill set, even among Hispanic women also. Apart from other groups these Hispanics have less human capital, so they have very less employers in their group and it is indirectly affecting their economic status and social environment also. Gender inequality was always prevailed among the Hispanics. Since they were not the major community and further more they were immigrants, they had to face the brunt of racial abuse. One of the reasons of racial abuse was, fear among the US citizens was losing the jobs to these immigrants. Since the Hispanics were ready to work for fewer wages there always lies the danger of losing jobs. Most of the Hispanics were less unskilled or semi-skilled. This makes them of losing jobs very often. This brings more responsibilities on average Hispanic women. Now she has to work outside to meet the daily requirements and look after the family. In Hispanic community, very less skill level people are there and job

Rogerian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Rogerian - Essay Example Economies were destroyed; lives lost, families separated, people became disabled and other devastating effects were experienced. During the wars, there are countries that restrained themselves from getting involved. For example, the U.S.A in the Second World War did not for a long time get involved. It was only when the Pearl Harbor was bombed that they joined in the war. Today wars between states have not ceased, but the countries that know well the outcome, look for other options because there are other options. Like in the example of the U.S.A cited above, the fact that it eventually joined the war shows that there are times that war is the only option sometimes to solve international disputes. Mohammed S. Halal in his paper discussed this aspect of justifiable war. In this case, he stated that it is only necessary when it is about the protection of human security and not state security. For example, the wars against Somalia, Libya, Liberia and Iraq were humanitarian in nature (Helal, 558). He further states that these wars preserved the lives of the citizens in these countries. This is a valid point; however, with the political nature of war, telling between a humanitarian crisis and a case of state protection would not be easy. Countries are political, and war is just a selfish expression. A state security protection case will easily pass for a humanitarian crisis. Robert and John assess the ‘bush doctrine’ on whether preventive war is justified. The reason this is called the bush doctrine is because, Bush in 2002, stated that the United States cannot just sit and watch as other countries prepare weapons of mass destruction. That would affect the U.S, and its allies (Christopher, 194). The authors argue that for the same reasons that humanitarian reasons are used to justify war, preventive war can also be justified (Delahaunty & John, 828). Preventive war is interpreted as an

Conventional Vs. True Beauty Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Conventional Vs. True Beauty - Movie Review Example This means the thin model wearing the clothes and makeup that the gatekeepers of fashion say are beautiful, displayed on TV and in other forms of mass media. On the other hand, there is the idea of true beauty, which reflects the existence of an absolute set of standards for what is beautiful, separate from what the masses say is beautiful, and separate from the social conventions of any given period in history. True beauty may or may not jive with what the conventional notions of beauty are at any given time, but one understands that there are eternal qualities associated with true beauty, that stand the test of time. This true beauty requires a different kind of vision for sure than what people ordinarily possess in the movie 'American Beauty'. The implicit message in the movie is that the perception of true beauty requires a certain kind of intelligence, and a certain kind of knowing and vision that is also more elevated and removed from the conventional. This paper asserts that a key take from the movie is that , one can say that far from refining and elevating aesthetic sensibilities, conforming with the rules of society deadens rather than sharpens that vision that allows for the glimpse of true beauty. In the end, with Lester dead, and all of the pressures of family and society removed, with Lester free, he is able to find out what beauty really is (IMDb.com; Smith). II. Discussion From Lester's life and the life of his family we see how the film portrays conformism as a dead end that leads to the deadening of life and the sapping away of that vital force that forges relationships and bonds people. Conformism saps away joy and the fun out of life. This seems to be the initial message of the movie. In it too is lost the conception of beauty that makes life at least bearable and worth living. Ricky, young and full of life, seems to be blessed in this regard, that not having to conform, he is free to pursue joy, and to see beauty. On the other end of the sp ectrum are repressed lives. Not everything is as it seems. Angela, the young girl who is outwardly beautiful, in herself is inwardly insecure and unsure of how to go about life. She herself lacks a certain vision and certainty, not having experienced any kind of direct vision of joy or beauty that would have pacified her and put her on a more solid footing. This is evident in the way she ended up wanting to have sex with Lester, even though in the end too it became clear that she did not know what she wanted. She was just a confused kid. Carolyn too had drifted from a more carefree and fun life into the life of a career woman obsessed with mantras of material success, all the while missing out on the happiness and beauty that could be had by simply being in the moment and enjoying the time with her daughter Jane. Jane in her way was also suffering from this joy-deprived and loved-deprived environment, and who wouldn't? Her parents were living dysfunctional lives devoid of the beauty and the joy that comes from being close to something more vital. Having lost that, and themselves, they had no joy nor vision of beauty to impart on their poor daughter. In Col. Fitts' lonely life too, there is that same missing element, and where people are less true to themselves, and are bound by conventions that blind them from a truer and more fulfilling life, what happens is that the people around them suffer. Col. Fitts' wife had to bear the emotional and psychological trauma

Statement of Purpose for Masters in Engineering Management Personal

Of Purpose for Masters in Engineering Management - Personal Statement Example Nevertheless, in the course of my life, I have been inspired by technology entrepreneurs such as Bill Gates of Microsoft, Steve Jobs of Apple and most recently Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook, and how they were able to come up with mind boggling, life changing inventions. Joel Barker’s said that, â€Å"Vision without action is merely a dream. Action without vision just passes the time. Vision with action can change the world!† These words are quite distinguishing and they are a hallmark of many entrepreneurs. They have kept ringing into my mind until today. An entrepreneur usually takes the initiative of bringing visions into actuality. I have desired to be one and from my various readings, I have discovered that present day entrepreneurs have used technology for furthering their ideas and bettering the lives of others. This is the reason why I decided long ago that I will study engineering and capitalized on every opportunity that I got which would further enhance my skill s in engineering. I concentrated on sciences in my high school education at Narayana Junior College-Board of Intermediate, AP-India and then later went to do a bachelor of technology at GVP College of Engineering-University JNTU, Kakinada, India. Though I did not get a very good score in my Bachelors, I have endeavored to not let that dampen my spirit and have made up by having industry exposure through working as a software developer for over one year and later on moved to a role of support analyst so as to better understand the production system. I am a firm believer in continuous learning especially during my various daily duties at my place of work. I am currently working as a Senior Systems Executive (Banking & Financial Services) at Cognizant Technology Solutions. This is another role that has exposed me to business support in wealth management space for clients. Whereas creativity, hard work and technological

Interview questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interview questions - Essay Example The best way of having the employees to follow those codes is by following them themselves. Managers are faced with ensuring they treat all the employees equitably and within the organizational policies in spite of the employees’ diverse strengths and weaknesses. There is also the task of dealing with uncooperative employees, some of whom may claim discrimination such as age. The penalties are usually high should an employee prove that the HIM manager failed to provide him/her with fair and equitable treatment based on age. The patient’s information could also be faulty, or lack the means to pay after the billing. Sometimes an employee could also be admitted as a patient (LaTour, Kathleen 2006, pg 13). I think it does. However several guidelines should be implemented that are more focused towards providing health care in the privacy and comfort of the patients’ home. This is in terms of encouraging the patient’s independence and improving his/her quality of life, providing reliable, dependable assistance focused on the patient’s needs and that would bring about the general well being of the patient. According to the Mercy Medical Center’s website (http://www.mercymedicalcenter.info/news/pressreleases/69.html), the policy dictates that a patient must be provided upon admission with a notice of privacy practices that â€Å"explains the purpose for which the medical center may use and disclose the patient’s Protected Health Information (PHI) without the patient’s authorization, the policy must also inform the patient of their rights to privacy and explains the Center’s legal duties under federal privacy laws and regulations†. Ensuring that one keeps at bay the broad unethical practices that affects the profession’s main values and establish a set of ethical principles to use in guiding decision making as well as taking actions. Learning to identify the

SUCCESS OF DIFFERENT TRACEABILITY TOOLS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

SUCCESS OF DIFFERENT TRACEABILITY TOOLS - Essay Example The essential improvements necessitated because of the setup associated with traceability have got damaging consequences upon these types of components of the project. Not successful setup in the traceability idea can potentially end in final project disappointment (Turban, 2013). Traceability tools assumes a problem-solving oriented model that pinpoints of the challenge applicable within a particular creation connected with involvement of traceability matrices and is hugely vital in many software package engineering routines. It has additional functionalities including person-power rigorous, time-consuming, error-prone, and lacks software assistance. Those actions that need traceability info incorporate, nevertheless are not limited by, chance research, impression research, criticality examination, test out insurance policy coverage research, confirmation consent connected with software package devices. Facts Retrieval methods are shown to improve the automatic creation connected with traceability functions through minimizing some time that it may take to come up with the traceability mapping. The utilization associated with software goods in progressively fragile market sectors has necessitated the importance for necessity traceability in trying to forestall the uncomfortable side effects which may derive from disappointment. Undertaking a consistent history in the improvements executed during the progress cycle remains essential in providing details for development in the progress practice. Deficiency of sufficient details relating to software progress practice is a basic source of software project breakdowns. Need traceability offers software designers using the power to accumulate this kind of details. The guide book task in the traceability practice in trying to understand the needs offers a fundamental problem inside the utilization associated

Transcendentalim and Walden Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Transcendentalim and Walden - Essay Example int hum of a mosquito making its invisible and unimaginable tour through my apartment at earliest dawn, when I was sitting with door and windows open, as I could be by any trumpet that ever sang of fame. It was Homer’s requiem; itself and Iliad and Odyssey in the air, singing its own wrath and wanderings. There was something cosmical about it; a standing advertisement, till forbidden, of the everlasting vigor and fertility of the world. The morning which is the most memorable season of the day, is the awakening hour. Then there is least somnolence in us; and for an hour, at least, some part of us awakes which slumbers all the rest of the day and night. Little is to be expected of that day, if it can be called a day, to which we are not awakened by our Genius, but by the mechanical nudgings of some servitor†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Thoreau 140). According to Walden, Henry David Thoreau’s Walden is a manuscript of self-reliance, a social experiment that reflects upon simple living in natural surroundings. The book employs elements of transcendentalism, an idealistic philosophical movement developed by Immanuel Kant that is based on the idea that to understand life, one must enter an intuitive process of personal introspection. This paper employs close reading techniques to show how elements of transcendentalism are exemplified in the excerpt. The paper also discusses figures of speech, diction, tone, and the general use of words in Thoreau’s Walden, to explain their effectiveness in relaying Thoreau’s message of simple living. Spiritual awakening, simplicity, individualism, and being one with nature are some of the elements of transcendentalism that unshackle human beings from the traditional ideologies of conformity and materialism. Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement that champions for self-independence and self-reliance of the individual in society. It was developed by transcendentalists in the early 1820s and 1830s. Transcendentalism is exemplified by various

English language class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

English language class - Essay Example English is the main language in use within the country and therefore it becomes mandatory that I take this writing program in order to improve on my capacity to communicate in English through writing as well as be in a position to study effectively. Besides, with my future plans being in pursuing and practicing as an economist at an international front, it is prerequisite that I improve on my language which is to be English. I therefore feel indebted to write to any international student freshly enrolled for this course as a first year, first because I am equally an international student and also because in often times, as international students, fresh students often feel inadequate and would easily lose track on their studies with the perception that English as a language is difficult. Every international student ready to pursue this course should consider the following questions which would help in building confidence within them over the subject and hence be positive about English writing program. Why do people enroll for studies at any level? Am I as the student the first to pursue the program and if not why then cant I make it? How has the school structured the program and what are the resources that are available for use to the students in learning? In focusing on the previously stated questions to lead fresh students, I write to ascertain that such fears are always there and justifiable; more so to international students. Basic to any study experience is to learn new things of interest to the learner. This therefore would explain why students should be positive while enrolling for any course even a t an international school because the interest to learn new insights should guide them. This understanding would therefore be the bottom line to enrolment or any course because after all why should a person travel across borders and

Maritime Transport Essay Example for Free

Maritime Transport Essay Hereby it is analysed that there are three different kinds of categories which have not given any offer on MTS. The first one are nations which are willing to make offers but would rather wait until the major maritime players like the US have shown their effort to make an offer. The second group are members which fail to meet to have the professional knowledge and the technical know how to deal with the possibilities of offers. The last one is composed of players in the maritime industry which are not willing to open their maritime industry at all or on a multilateral basis as they fear that this action might end up in increased international competition and therefore they rather stick to their internal policies than taking the risk to loose their power in the market place. One significant example for the last category are the US which are unwilling to include MTS in their schedule. Another issue is the one of the different interest of country groups which were already an obstacle to the former Uruguay round. On the one hand there are the developing countries, among them mainly the EU members which â€Å"are keen to go further into the inland part of the transport chain beyond the sea leg by proposing the inclusion of feeder services and multimodal transport (mainly by Japan)†. [7] On the other hand developing countries and one of the major maritime nations the US can not accept such liberalization due to a number of economic reasons whereas the most significant argument against it is the loss of jobs of domestic workers which are engaged in the shipping industry. Although there are again lots of issues to be solved in order to reach an agreement and implementation under GATS there are yet some positive signs for a positive outcome. First of all as per data available most of the offers on MTS were from developing countries which involves members of different economic positions including more developed nations like Hong Kong and Singapore but at the same time also less developed nations e. g. Albania. According to Zhang’s thesis this can have at least two positive effects.

Impact of Computer Technology

Impact of Computer Technology Computer Technology I am using and how Im using it? Computer technology starts from the time you wake in the morning, your alarm on your phone to the cup of coffee brewing. Computer technology has come a long way from when I was a child. Lots of us now have house alarms, electric toothbrushes, plasma televisions, Xboxes, I pad, tablets, laptops all these to interact with loved ones across the globe. These devices also encourage our children to interact on line with a wide variety of people in various occupations example the international space station through Facebook. Or Skype family and friends in Australia or New Zealand. Another feature I find good is the various apps on Facebook that allows you to check in during disasters to allow family and friends to know your safe. Other devices are used to check on our health blood pressure monitors is one I have checked every 6 months along with the nebuliser used when I suffer an asthma attack. Advantage of computer technology? Computer technology has changed the way we live considerably, our life expectancy has increased. This is down to all the new medical devices available and procedures people can have to prolong lives. Every day we hear of newer devices coming on the market whether it be for the weather devices, food industry or weapons, medical devices, aircraft, drones or I robot technology. Some are extremely helpful helping toward our survival on this planet. Weather devices help track hail, rain, snow, frost, heatwaves. Society has a better understanding of different cultures all at the touch of a button thanks to the companies that are committed to researching and updating Google being one of many.   Medical devices have improved over the years with cat scans, x ray machines including portal ones, from the largest to the smallest something as tiny as a wireless device. With the wide variety of technologies some are quiet complex but provide much needed support both in hospital setting to home s upport. Assistive technologies include mobility wheelchairs and aides, sensory hearing aids. Common aids being manufactured over the last number of years include bionic arms, legs and hands. As a lot of these are used in war torn areas. Home care has seen an increase of features to improve daily living for family members IV equipment, ventilators, hoists and specialised beds are commonly used in homes are care facilities. Freeing up hospital beds. There is a lot more medical technology out there this report names just some of them. Disadvantages of Computer Technology? Cyber Bullying is a major issue. Social skills are affected as people forget how to talk to one another. Social aspect of meeting new people has totally changed as has dating and clubbing. Letter writing has become a thing of the past. People have become addicted to online gambling and games. Public life impacts? Medical ID bracelets, medical apps on your mobile phones come in handy if you have a medical condition. This sort of devices can help save your life or those around you. New hips, knee replacements. Give the clients a new lease of life, thus helping families ensuring the family member stays out of care facilities. Private impact on life? Public and private are very much the same as the goals are all the save to help improve the quality of life for our loved ones. Current developments? Weather systems are still being produced, although yet no earth quake system has been produced yet. Google are producing new and exciting gadgets every day along with faster information. Research for new medicines is ongoing with the different research companies. Medical drones are used in war torn countries around the world. I Robots are in production to assist in treatments where disease has broken out. Gadgets for fun gps golf watches, watches to measure heart rate, blood pressure. Medical devices help improve lives of everyone. X-Ray, Vein visualisation technology, joint replacement, morphine pumps, incubators, cat scans many more. Entertainment television, news, educational documentaries, YouTube covers music, live feeds, life. Food industry improvements on farmers tractors, combis, growing technics. Digital diagnostics makes health care more accessible. Cloud is used in under developed countries for information. Wearables- Fitness trackers, smart watches another example is Intel teamed up with the Michael j. fox foundation to see if their wearable technology could pin point certain Parkinson disease. (Irish Computer science 2017) Health Formatics electron files, information stored in hospital data. Digital therapy Well frame combines mobile technology and AI (artificial intelligence) provides care for when clients return home. This technology tracks diet, exercise and its a GPS system. Catering to mental health clients, cardiovascular. Hackathons lots of the medical devices wouldnt be readily available if it wasnt for hackathons. Many of these devices were requested for other projects. Software developed, hardware inventions all came about through Hackathons. Safety, Health and Welfare Act 2005 Sets out provisions within the safety health and welfare act 2005 as set in legislation that the employer must. Carry carry out a risk assessment. Provide a safety standard for all equipment, chemicals within the premises. Must provide provisions for training for these equipment, chemicals and induction as part of an ongoing programme. Must inform all people staff, visitors, workmen anyone who enters the premises of the safety statement. Data protection legislation 2003. Data protection is your right to privacy. We also have the right to access data and have it corrected if its not correct or misinformed. Our data is protected once we give our details to certain companies under the data act 2003. Freedom of information act 2003. The freedom of information act 2003 allows us to access records held by the government departments and some public bodies. This is ensuring that charities must provide public records of all donations and how the money is spent. Defamation act 2009? This was changed from libel and slander to defamation to keep up with technology example Facebook and the easy access people have with sharing stuff. So, if I posted on Facebook that one of my neighbours was selling drugs and she wasnt but I didnt name her. But I had given out enough details for people to know who I meant thats defamation. Example neighbour wears black everything thinks shes a vampire with the gothic look. Well then, her employer the bank manager go AIB were to hear of this he suspended her until further notice.

The History Of International Cybersecurity Politics Essay

The History Of International Cybersecurity Politics Essay The United States, England, and Continental Europe have very different approaches to cybersecurity. The United States and United Kingdom conceive of cyber primarily as a national security problem to be handled by the military- which in turn sees the Internet as a fifth domain of war to be dominated. The rest of the European Union, however, sees cyber threats mostly as an irritant for commerce and individual privacy that should be dealt with by civilian authorities working in combination with private enterprise. Additionally, while the United States can have a single policy, even though its one implemented by many different federal departments, the European Union is made up of twenty-seven nations with their own laws, notions, and philosophical differences over how to approach cyber issues. Finally, there is NATO, where a unified transatlantic cyber vision must be reconciled and arranged in a coherent manner among twenty-eight allies through a cumbersome bureaucratic process. To make sense of these conflicting visions, this essay reviews cyber attacks against NATO members, attempts to outline the challenges of developing a transatlantic vision for cyber policy, and highlights some of the fundamental differences among NATO members. It is helpful to remember that although the Internet is so ensconced in most of our lives that it is hard to envision living without it, the first modern Web browser didnt debut until 1993 and broadband access has only become widespread over the last decade. As a result, senior government and military leaders did not grow up with the Internet and are gradually having to adapt to emerging cyber realities. Franklin Kramer, who worked as assistant secretary of defense under President Bill Clinton, draws a comparison with the Great Fire of London, he notes that it nearly destroyed the city in 1666 because an advance in living conditions- wooden houses for many- was not matched by security measures. There were no firefighting technologies, no firefighting processes, and no resources devoted to fire fighting. This was still true more than two centuries later with the Great Chicago Fire. Despite our slow learning curve, in the modern world, while fire may strike, it is not the city-devourin g scourge that it once was. Through government regulations that established building codes and through volunteer and government-run fire departments, a protective-response was established over the centuries.  [1]   Former Deputy Secretary of Defense William J. Lynn III uses a more aggressive analogy: The first military aircraft was bought, I think, in 1908, somewhere around there. So were in about 1928, he said. Weve kind of seen some à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ biplanes shoot at each other over France, he added. But we havent really seen kind of what a true cyberconflict is going to look like.  [2]   Currently, European policymakers seem to treat cybersecurity more along fire-prevention lines rather than as biplanes over France. And framing is critical when thinking about cyber issues. As Kramer observes, Ask the wrong question, and you generally will get the wrong answer. And cyber- and what to do about cyber conflict- is an arena where there is generally no agreement on what is the question, certainly no agreement on what are the answers, and evolving so fast that questions are transmuted and affect and change the validity of answers that have been given. He argues that the lack of agreement over the nature of the problem, lack of coherent regulation and authority mechanisms, and conflict between connectivity and security together make cyber a wicked problem not easily susceptible to resolution.  [3]   Lynn manages to frame the issue in military and security terms but fully acknowledges that the reality is quite blurred and that no clear lines exist in this new domain. I mean, clearly if you take down significant portions of our economy we would probably consider that an attack. But an intrusion stealing data, on the other hand, probably isnt an attack. And there are [an] enormous number of steps in between those two.  [4]   Lynn goes on to say, one of the challenges facing Pentagon strategists is deciding at what threshold do you consider something an attackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I think the policy community both inside and outside the government is wrestling with that, and I dont think weve wrestled it to the ground yet. In other words, it is difficult to know whether the house is on fire or biplanes are shooting at each other.  [5]   Correspondingly tricky, defense officials say, is how to pinpoint who is doing the attacking. This raises further complications that are clearly at the heart of the Pentagons mission. At the Council on Foreign Relations Lynn summarized the issue If you dont know who to attribute an attack to, you cant retaliate against that attack, As a result, you cant deter through punishment, you cant deter by retaliating against the attack. He discussed the complexities that make cyberwar so different from, say, nuclear missiles, which of course come with a return address.  [6]   The cyber threat is very much a part of our current reality. Over the last several years several NATO members and partners, including the United States, have been targeted by severe cyber attacks. Estonia What is commonly believed to be the first known case of one state targeting another by cyber-warfare began on April 27, 2007, when a massive denial-of-service attack was launched by Russia against Estonia over a dispute involving a statue. The attack crippled websites of government ministries, political parties, newspapers, banks, and companies.  [7]  The attack was nicknamed Web War One and it caused a resonation within transatlantic national security circles.  [8]   The German newspaper Deutsche Welle wrote that Estonia is particularly vulnerable to cyber attacks because it is one of the most wired countries in the world. Nearly everyone in Estonia conducts banking and other daily activities on line. So when the cyber attack occurred, it nearly shut Estonia down.  [9]  Then-EU Information Society and Media commissioner Viviane Reding called the attacks a wakeup call, commenting that if people do not understand the urgency now, they never will. Her reaction was to incorporate a response into an EU-wide law on identity theft over the Internet.  [10]  Additionally, NATO did establish a Cyber Center of Excellence in Tallinn, which will be discussed later in the essay. Georgia While not a NATO member, Georgia is a NATO partner, and the April 2008 Bucharest Summit declared that it will become a member at some unspecified time in the future, a promise reiterated at the November 2010 Lisbon Summit.  [11]  Weeks before the August 2008 Russian land invasion and air attack, Georgia was subject to an extensive, coordinated cyber attack. American experts estimated that the attacks against Georgias Internet infrastructure began as early as July 20, with coordinated barrages of millions of requests- known as distributed denial of service, or DDOS, attacks- that overloaded and effectively shut down Georgian servers.  [12]  The pressure was intensified during the early days of the war, effectively shutting down critical communications in Georgia. After defacing Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvilis web site and integrating a slideshow portraying Saakashvili as Hitler, coming up with identical images of both Saakashvili and Hitlers public appearances, the site remained under a sustained DDoS attack. Writing as the attacks were under way, security consultant Dancho Danchev believed it smells like a three letter intelligence agencys propaganda arm has managed to somehow supply the creative for the defacement of Georgia Presidents official web site, thereby forgetting a simple rule of engagement in such a conflict- risk forwarding the responsibility of the attack to each and every Russian or Russian supporter that ever attacked Georgian sites using publicly obtainable DDOS attack tools in a coordinated fashion.  [13]  Bill Woodcock, the research director at Packet Clearing House, a California-based nonprofit group that tracks Internet security trends, noted that the attacks represented a landmark: the first use of a cyber a ttack in conjunction with an armed military invasion.  [14]   The nature of cyber attacks is such that, two and a half years later, there is still no definitive answer on who caused the attack. They certainly emanated from Russia, but the precise role of Moscows military and intelligence services remains unclear. Given that the cyber attacks preceded and accompanied conventional military attacks, there appears to be a link to the Russian government. A March 2009 report by Greylogic concluded Russias Foreign Military Intelligence agency (the GRU) and Federal Security Service (the FSB), rather than patriotic hackers, were likely to have played a key role in coordinating and organizing the attacks. They added, The available evidence supports a strong likelihood of GRU/ FSB planning and direction at a high level while relying on Nashi intermediaries and the phenomenon of crowd-sourcing to obfuscate their involvement and implement their strategy.  [15]   United States In a 2010 essay for Foreign Affairs, Lynn revealed that in 2008, the US Department of Defense suffered a significant compromise of its classified military computer networks. It began when an infected flash drive was inserted into a US military laptop at a base in the Middle East. The flash drives malicious computer code, placed there by a foreign intelligence agency, uploaded itself onto a network run by the US Central Command. That code spread undetected on both classified and unclassified systems, establishing what amounted to a digital beachhead, from which data could be transferred to servers under foreign control.  [16]   The upshot is that adversaries have acquired thousands of files from US networks and from the networks of US allies and industry partners, including weapons blueprints, operational plans, and surveillance data.  [17]   Lynn classified this attack as the most significant breach of US military computers ever and stated that it served as an important wake-up call.  [18]  He acknowledged that to that point, we did not think our classified networks could be penetrated.  [19]  The result of this new awareness was Operation Buckshot Yankee, a fourteen-month program that rid US systems of the agent.btz worm and helped lead to a major reorganization of the armed forces information defenses, including the creation of the militarys new Cyber Command.  [20]   United Kingdom In a speech at the 2011 Munich Security Conference, British foreign secretary William Hague revealed that a series of cyber attacks on his country took place the previous year. He noted that in late December a spoofed email purporting to be from the White House was sent to a large number of international recipients who were directed to click on a link that then downloaded a variant of ZEUS. The UK Government was targeted in this attack and a large number of emails bypassed some of our filters.  [21]   Additionally, sometime in 2010 the national security interests of the UK were targeted in a deliberate attack on our defense industry. A malicious file posing as a report on a nuclear Trident missile was sent to a defense contractor by someone masquerading as an employee of another defense contractor. Good protective security meant that the email was detected and blocked, but its purpose was undoubtedly to steal information relating to our most sensitive defense projects.  [22]   Finally, in February 2011, three of my staff were sent an email, apparently from a British colleague outside the FCO, working on their region. The email claimed to be about a forthcoming visit to the region and looked quite innocent. In fact it was from a hostile state intelligence agency and contained computer code embedded in the attached document that would have attacked their machine. Luckily, our systems identified it and stopped it from ever reaching my staff.  [23]  Still, the prevalence and sophistication of these attacks are a principal reason why cybersecurity and cyber-crime were listed as two of the top five priorities in the UKs National Security Strategy.  [24]   Given the interconnectivity of the Internet, Hague argued that more comprehensive international collaboration is vital, noting that, while cyber security is on the agendas of some 30 multilateral organizations, from the UN to the OSCE and the G8, the problem is that much of this debate is fragmented and lacks focus. He continued, We believe there is a need for a more comprehensive, structured dialogue to begin to build consensus among like-minded countries and to lay the basis for agreement on a set of standards on how countries should act in cyberspace.  [25]   US- European Attitudinal Differences We begin to be able to discern a pattern: The United States and the United Kingdom take cyber security very seriously and view it primarily through the lens of national security. The EU and most Western European members of NATO see it primarily as a national infrastructure problem. In the run-up to the November 2010 Lisbon NATO Summit, Pentagon officials were pressing very firmly to incorporate a concept of active cyber defense into the revised NATO Strategic Concept. Lynn argued that the Cold War concepts of shared warning apply in the 21st century to cyber security. Just as our air defenses, our missile defenses have been linked so too do our cyber defenses need to be linked as well. However, this notion was firmly rejected by the Europeans, with the French particularly adamant.  [26]   USCYBERCOM A July 2010 Economist story proclaimed: After land, sea, air and space, warfare has entered the fifth domain: cyberspace.  [27]  It noted that President Obama had declared the digital infrastructure a strategic national asset and had appointed Howard Schmidt, the former head of security at Microsoft, as the first cybersecurity tsar. Peter Coates notes that the air force had actually anticipated this move in December 2005, declaring cyber a fifth domain when it changed its mission statement to To fly and fight in air, space, and cyberspace. In November of the following year, it redesignated the 8th Air Force to become Air Force Cyberspace Command.  [28]   In May 2010 the Defense Department launched a new subunified command, United States Cyber Command, with Gen. Keith Alexander dual-hatted as its chief while continuing on as director of the National Security Agency. CYBERCOM is charged with the responsibility to direct the operations and defense of specified Department of Defense information networks and prepare to, and when directed, conduct full spectrum military cyberspace operations in order to enable actions in all domains, ensure US/ Allied freedom of action in cyberspace and deny the same to our adversaries.  [29]   As the scale of cyberwarfares threat to US national security and the US economy has come into view, the Pentagon has built layered and robust defenses around military networks and inaugurated the new US Cyber Command to integrate cyber-defense operations across the military. The Pentagon is now working with the Department of Homeland Security to protect government networks and critical infrastructure and with the United States closest allies to expand these defenses internationally. An enormous amount of foundational work remains, but the US government has begun putting in place various initiatives to defend the United States in the digital age.  [30]  Even with stepped-up vigilance and resources, Lynn admits, adversaries have acquired thousands of files from US networks and from the networks of US allies and industry partners, including weapons blueprints, operational plans, and surveillance data.  [31]   The cyber policy of the United States is rapidly evolving, with major developments under way even as I write this essay. The White House issued a new International Strategy for Cyberspace in May 2011. While not by any means moving away from a defense-oriented posture- indeed, it generated breathless commentary by declaring the right to meet cyber attacks with a kinetic response- it sought to bring commercial, individual, diplomatic, and other interests into the equation. This was followed by a new Department of Defense cyber strategy in July 2011, which built on Lynns Foreign Affairs essay. European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA) While CYBERCOM is the most powerful and well-funded US cyber agency, the lead EU cyber agency is ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency. Whereas CYBERCOM is run by a general with an intelligence background, ENISA is run by a physics professor with long experience in the IT sector, including the energy industry, insurance company engineering, aviation, defense, and space industry.  [32]  The agencys mission is to develop a culture of Network and Information Security for the benefit of citizens, consumers, business and public sector organizations in the European Union.  [33]   In December 2010 ENISA released a report identifying what it sees as the top security risks and opportunities of smartphone use and gives security advice for businesses, consumers and governments. The agency considers spyware, poor data cleansing when recycling phones, accidental data leakage, and unauthorized premium-rate phone calls and SMSs as the top risks.  [34]  New regulations are proposed that would see the perpetrators of cyber attacks and the producers of related and malicious software prosecuted, and criminal sanctions increased to a maximum two-year sentence. European countries would also be obliged to respond quickly to requests for help when cyber attacks are perpetrated, and new pan-European criminal offences will be created for the illegal interception of information systems. Home affairs Commissioner Cecilia Malmstrà ¶m added that criminalizing the creation and selling of malicious software and improving European police cooperation would help Europe step up our efforts against cybercrime. ENISAs new mandate will let the agency organize pan-European cybersecurity exercises, public- private network resilience partnerships, and risk assessment and awareness campaigns. ENISAs funding will also be boosted, and its management board will get a stronger supervisory role. ENISAs mandate is also to be extended by five years to 2017. The new directive will also supersede a 2005 council framework decision on cybercrime because that previous regulation did not focus sufficiently on evolving threats- in particular, large-scale simultaneous attacks against information systems, such as Stuxnet, and the increasing criminal use of botnets. Stuxnet was recently used to attack Irans nuclear power infrastructure, and a single botnet, Rustock, is estimated to be responsible for two-fifths of the worlds spam.  [35]   Additionally, EU states are constrained by Directive 95/ 46/ EC, better known as the Data Protection Directive, which provides enormous protection for any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person. Compare this to the USA Patriot Act, which gives enormous leeway to US law enforcement and intelligence agencies to access electronic data held by US companies in order to investigate and deter terrorist activities. In June 2011 Gordon Frazer, managing director of Microsoft UK, set off a firestorm when he declared that European customer data stored on cloud computing services by companies with a US presence cannot be guaranteed the protections afforded under the Data Protection Directive, setting off a demand from some EU lawmakers to resolve this issue.  [36]   Germany In late February 2011 Germanys outgoing minister of the interior, Thomas de Maizià ¨re, unveiled the countrys Nationale Cyber-Sicherheitsstrategie (National Cyber Security Strategy).  [37]  To American eyes, the fact that it was the interior ministry, not the defense ministry, issuing the strategy is striking. It was no accident: this is by no means a defense document. The documents introduction notes that in Germany all players of social and economic life use the possibilities provided by cyberspace. As part of an increasingly interconnected world, the state, critical infrastructures, businesses and citizens in Germany depend on the reliable functioning of information and communication technology and the Internet. Among the threats listed: Malfunctioning IT products and components, the break-down of information infrastructures or serious cyber attacks may have a considerable negative impact on the performance of technology, businesses and the administration and hence on Germanys social lifelines. Contrast this with Lynns analogy of biplanes over France, and his pondering at what threshold do you consider something an attack? German security scholar Thomas Rid laments that the strategy is coming a bit late and that Germanys thinking lags that of the United States and the United Kingdom. Beyond that, he notes that the two agencies created to manage cyber issues are woefully understaffed and tasked with myriad responsibilities related tangentially at best to cyber security. And, according to a cyber kodex established in the new strategy, German interests in data security à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ would be pursued in international organizations such as the UN, the OSCE, the European Council, the OECD, and NATO- in that order.  [38]   United Kingdom as Outlier As is frequently the case on matters of international security, the United Kingdom is much more in line with its American cousin than its neighbors on the Continent. In an October 12, 2010, speech at Londons International Institute for Strategic Studies, Iain Lobban, director of GCHQ (the UKs National Security Agency analogue, responsible for signals intelligence) noted that his country combines the intelligence and information assurance missions in a single agency, an arrangement shared by only a few other countries, most notably the US. It gives us a richer view of vulnerabilities and threats than those who consider them purely from the point of view of defense.  [39]   He confessed to constant barrages of spam, worms, theft of intellectual property on a massive scale, some of it not just sensitive to the commercial enterprises in question but of national security concern too, and all manner of other attacks that have caused significant disruption to Government systems. Consequently, his government was looking to significantly increase its investment in the cyber realm even at a time when the global recession was forcing significant austerity in other departments, including in more traditional military assets.  [40]   Thomas Rid notes the sheer breadth of Lobbans focus: Cyber encompasses, for instance, more and more online government services (read: steadily increasing vulnerability); critical national infrastructure, publicly or privately run; online crime in all its facets; espionage (both industrial and governmental), and such things as the proper norms of behavior for responsible states.  [41]   The implications are vast, as Lobban hints and Rid explicates: partnerships of a new kind are needed to deal with cyber threats and risks. International partnerships, with like-minded countries that need to establish and maintain appropriate norms of behavior in crisis situations- and intersectoral partnerships, between government agencies and industry, especially the high-tech sector.  [42]   In his Munich Security Conference speech, Hague noted that we rely on computer networks for the water in our taps, the electricity in our kitchens, the sat navs in our cars, the running of trains, the storing of our medical records, the availability of food in our supermarkets and the flow of money into high street cash machines. Further, Many government services are now delivered via the internet, as is education in many classrooms. In the UK, 70 percent of younger internet users bank online and two thirds of all adults shop on the internet.  [43]   Given the new awareness of vulnerabilities and the degree of dependence, then, the United Kingdoms new National Security Strategy ranks cyber attack and cyber crime in our top five highest priority risks. This is not lip service. At the same time that the British military is suffering such severe cutbacks that the Royal Navy is reduced to sharing a single aircraft carrier with France, the current budget provided  £ 650 million of new funding for a national cyber-security program, which will improve our capabilities in cyber-space and pull together government efforts. As part of that effort, Hague said, We have established a new Ministerial Group on cyber security which I chair. And we have boosted the UKs cyber capabilities with the establishment of a new Defense Cyber Operations Group, incorporating cyber security into the mainstream of our defense planning and operation.  [44]   NATO Responses After months of study and debate the 2010 NATO Summit in Lisbon issued a new strategic concept on November 19, 2010. In it, cyber issues were officially recognized for the first time as a core alliance mission. Recognizing that cyber attacks are becoming more frequent, more organized and more costly in the damage that they inflict, NATO pledged to develop further our ability to prevent, detect, defend against and recover from cyber-attacks, including by using the NATO planning process to enhance and coordinate national cyber-defense capabilities, bringing all NATO bodies under centralized cyber protection, and better integrating NATO cyber awareness, warning and response with member nations.  [45]   This was followed in June 2011 by a revised NATO policy on cyber defense and a parallel cyber defense action plan. Combined, they offer a coordinated approach to cyber defense across the Alliance with a focus on preventing cyber threats and building resilience. Additionally, all NATO structures will be brought under centralized protection.  [46]   What practical actions will flow from these policy statements remains unclear, especially in an era of radically declining budgets. But they give an overview of what it terms NATOs principle cyber defense activities.  [47]   Coordinating and Advising on Cyber Defense The cyber-defense policy was implemented by NATOs political, military, and technical

Character Manipulation in The Rise of Silas Lapham Essay -- Rise Silas

Character Manipulation in Howells' The Rise of Silas Lapham  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Of all the characters who undergo change in The Rise of Silas Lapham, Lapham's change is the only one looked upon in a positive light by the narrator. William Dean Howells uses the corruption of other characters to promote Lapham's newfound morality and reinforce his ultimate triumph. Before Lapham's financial ruin, he is the only character with fault. Yet as his world crumbles, so does the credibility and innocence of his wife, two daughters, and former partner, Mr. Rogers. At the same time, the very catalyst of Lapham's ruin exonerates him. This allows Howells to reinforce Lapham's ultimate rise in the novel, despite his financial and social failures.    While Silas Lapham's character shines of perfect success in the book's opening interview, we soon learn of the fault that will lead to his ruin. In a time when his company needed help, Lapham used Mr. Rogers for his capital, then pushed him out of the company once back on his feet. Mrs. Lapham holds the strongest position towards Silas' treatment of Mr. Rogers: "No; you had better face the truth, Silas. It was no chance at all. You crowded him out. A man that had saved you! No, you had got greedy, Silas. You had made your paint your god, and you couldn't bear to let anybody else share in its blessings."(45) She believes that his treatment of Rogers is the only fault in his character, and is satisfied when he finally makes good on it by lending money to Rogers when asked. Despite his efforts to resolve the matter, Lapham refuses to admit his guilt. But the narrator tells us he is guilty*, and Silas admits feeling relieved after working it out: "'Well, I don't know when it's done me so much ... ...ng Lapham's upward motion cannot be accidental. Lapham needed his wife to nag at him about Rogers, and needed Rogers to be a "rascal" to start the events which lead to his rise. Lapham needed his daughters' distraction to ensure his lack of support and need for complete self-sufficiency during his hardships, as well as its incorporation of the Corey family to justify his involvement and failure with "society." Howells creates a plot in which Lapham figuratively steps on the other characters in order to rise.    Works Cited and Consulted Carter, Everett. Howells and the Age of Realism. Hamden, Conn.: Arcton Books, 1966 Howells, William Dean. The Rise of Silas Lapham. 1885. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1988 Van Wyck, Brooks. Howells His Life and World. Dutton, 1959. Wagenknecht, Edward. W.D. Howells The Friendly Eye. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969

Edna Pontellier’s Self-discovery in Kate Chopins The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

Theme of Self-discovery in Kate Chopin's The Awakening Edna Pontlierre experiences a theme of self-discovery throughout the entire novel of Kate Chopin's "The Awakening. Within Edna's travel through self discovery, Chopin successfully uses tone, style, and content to help the reader understand a person challenging the beliefs of a naïve society at the beginning of the twentieth century. Chopin's style and tone essentially helps the reader understand the character of Edna and what her surrounding influences are. The tone and style also helps the audience understand the rest of the characters throughout the novel. The entire content is relevant to the time frame it was written, expressing ideas of the forthcoming feminist movement and creating an awareness of what was happening to the women of the early nineteenth century. When "The Awakening" was first published, its popularity wasn't that of modern day. In fact, it was widely rejected for years. Within the context, it is considered a very liberal book from the beginning of the nineteenth century. The ideas expressed within the content concern the women's movement and an individual woman searching for who she really is. Ross C. Murfin in his critical essay "The New Historicism and the Awakening", shows how Chopin uses the entity of the hand to relate to both the entire women's issue and Edna Pontlierre's self exploration: "Chopin uses hands to raise the issues of women, property, self-possession, and value. Women like Adele Ratignolle, represented by their perfectly pale or gloved hands, are signs mainly of their husbands wealth, and therefor of what Stange calls 'surplus value'. By insisting on supporting herself with her own hands [through art] and having control of her own property [the place she moved in to and her inheritance], Edna seeks to come into ownership of a self that is more than a mere ornament. †¦She seeks to possess herself" (p 197). Within in the content, Adele Ratignolle and Mademoiselle represent foils to Edna. Mademoiselle represents a single woman that everyone dislikes who Edna typically confides in. Adele Ratignolle contrasts Edna because she "dutifully plays the social role of 'mother-woman'". The reader learns how Edna contrasts and transcends throughout the entire novel. From her refusal to sacrifice herself for her children in the beginning of the novel to her moving into her own house towards the end of the novel, the reader is effectively aware of the realities that face the women of the early twentieth century individually and as a society. Chopin's style in "The Awakening" is intended to help the audience understand the character of Edna and the dilemmas that she faces as a married

Debut Albums and Pure Adrenaline Rush

Keagan Neveling 14/09/2011 Grade 10PEnglish Essay Pure adrenaline rush! Pure energy! It was now or never! This was the opportunity I had been waiting for! It was time for action. It was a cold day. The wind was blowing, the trees swaying from side to side. It was time for me to conquer my fears. Although I did not know it, I was about to begin an adventure that would push my companions and I to our limits. The day had just begun. My alarm clock was ringing and the birds were chirping. It seemed like it was going to be a fantastic day.The sun was out; there was not a breath of wind. I fled from my bed so I would not miss a moment of the beautiful day Mother Nature had been kind enough to share. I devoured my breakfast like it was my last and turned on the television. It was a magnificent day but little did I know that on this day I would take part in an event that would push me to my limits. And that’s when I noticed the branches of the trees starting to sway rhythm with the wi nd. I thought to myself, surely this cannot be. In an instant there were clouds on the horizon. I did not believe my eyes.The weather had changed instantaneously changed. It was now a cold, miserable and windy day. Then I saw her standing in the distance. She told me she was going to take me to a place of adventure, somewhere where I could overcome my fears and attempt something that only few had dared. She took me to this place. It was not scary, not intimidating. In fact it was extremely inviting. There were people eating foods at the gorgeous restaurants. While admiring this concrete jungle known as the Moses Madibha Stadium I realised I was no longer afraid. I was wrong.I was going to be going to be going face to face with my greatest fear. I was going to be jumping off this jungle. Papers were signed, my harness firmly secured around my waist. It was time to begin my voyage. The only thing that would be keeping me apart from the ground was an ordinary rope. I convinced myself I was ready. The voyage to the top of the jungle had begun. It was no longer unintimidating. The gigantic white structure surrounded me. It was as if I was on a pathway to happiness. After what seemed like an eternity I had arrived at my destination.It was my time to shine. The spotlight was firmly placed on me. Pure adrenaline rush! Pure energy! It was now or never! This was the opportunity I had been waiting for! It was time for action. Then it happened. I jumped. I felt my stomach disappear my toes went numb, the wind was rushing through. I then opened my eyes. To my delight it was all over. My heart was pounding, my blood gushing through my veins. There I was dangling in mid-air. I had conquered my fear. I felt like I was in a scene in a movie. All I could think was that it had been an amazing day. Word count: 511

Of Mice and Men Characters Essay

In the novel, edulcorate and Curleys wife spell a large transgress of the ideas that Steinbeck wants to strive for through Of Mice and Men. Steinbeck indicates this via the razets and treatments that these dickens char enactmenters undergo. Their name and address and actions besides indicate major themes in the world they were in and how desp whi allowe the era was. glaze presents an element on the trouble in the novel hes a unfortunate bit whos passed his expiry date. Hes been complicated in an accident and lost his weapon system and by this, he has been reduced to the swamper of the rank- a real low status job. Steinbeck may specifically choose this job for sugarcoat as a swamper (a cleaner) tends to be a job that muliebrityhood generally proceeding as and in this job, they often trounce a lot same Candy does. He does this as it is the hardly cheer that he throw come forward experience in his pitiable rotting brio. This paints the portrait of how sad Ca ndys background may be and soon this is elaborated on in time to a greater extent in future day take downts.In the middle section of the book, we nail how Candy is bul deceitfulnessd by Carlson into having his best friend- his follow put down. We know that Candy is rattling close to his domestic dog as Steinbeck truly chooses to describe the dog very as well to Candy. They argon both h sensationst-to-god, personally damage and get described generally as a liability. Steinbeck chooses to describe the dog as ancient which produces strong word-paintingry of a dog cosmos similar to an old antique. Although it may possess positive connotations, it is diaphanous due to Carlsons reaction that the dog is old, dirty and has no purpose anymore. presently after as Carlson enforces the idea, Candy urgently tries to dismiss it. It states how he looked helplessly which appearances how loath(p) he is but knows in that location is no other possible outcome. Carlson even hand over s blab disrespect to his dog by leading at it with his toe. By using his tower, he refers that the dog is on par with the lowliest type of his body and doesnt require the ride to use his put acrosss. Nevertheless, Candy shows no hostility to this outrageous act and concedes to Carlsons insensitive actions. Steinbeck may choose these chain of events to show how a cruel world the characters and stack had to live in. It really puts forward natural selection of the fittest and shows how depressingly cheap life is since peck tin can easily walk all all over you when youre unable to fight for yourself. correct after all the abuse he has received, Candy is mollify able to show kindness to others. At the point where Candy overhears Georges reverie, he slowly asks whether he can join them. We know that he isnt greedy at this point since he repeatedly mentions how he would volitionally try his best with jobs such as cook or hoe contempt he aint untold good. He besides says h ow he is ordain to give up all his m wizy he received when he los his hand and this just shows how he is desperately grownup all he has to help them provided for a little in return. Steinbeck emphasises how emotionally willing Candy is that he would softwood in the compensation for nearthing irreplaceable to him for the realise of others. This makes the reader sympathize with Candy and witness how strong ambitions ar in life how they give community entrust, the strength to documentation up living and the strength to be a nice person again.Curleys wife on the other hand is the peg opposite. Her story plays a large part in the novel as it shows how conceive ofs can crush hoi pollois hope as easily and they give people hope. Throughout the novel, we render always seen Curleys wife as the problem. She is described as poison and jailbait by George which initially makes readers shun her. We feel that she can cause the downslope of our newly made friends dreams so she i s instantly given a hostility status by Steinbeck. However, he may deliberately do this to perform a larger impact when we stop why she may possibly act the way she does.At earlier stages of the novel, we ask how Curleys wife loves and seeks attention. Steinbeck describes how she was standing at the doorway blocking off the self-restraint in the doorway deliberately. This implies that she wants the men in the bunkhouse to look up due to the abrupt change as she purposefully blocks the well-situated off so that they would do so. It as well as describes how she was heavily made up that she was reservation a large effort to sop up attention of the men. The cry heavily also has connotations that she was trying to hard to an extent where it had cast out effects on her. This may also symbolize her character through physical features- that her personality has been corrupted and turned ugly.In the final stages of the book, we learn what has driven Curleys wife to act in this bat tleful way. Although she speaks to groups of men with hostility, when its one on one, it runs a lot more smoothly and she seems like she enjoys herself. This has a large contract since there is juxtaposition between section 4 and 5. We see her nasty side where she handle George, Lennie and Candys dream trade it baloney and scoffs at it hitherto even herself who has been crushed by her own dream may on the Q.T. believe.This shows that infra this angry cover of hers, may be a vulnerable person who only feels the acerbity and over enviousy of others happiness hinted by the phrase secretly believe. Steinbeck states this about the cowboy magazines to provoke what type of sad life people live in however, within dreams remedy lies hope but people be afraid to admit to the hope since they be sc bed of the criticism others show. This idea is veritable implicitly mainly by the watchword secret. Through this attitude, people collapse become cynical and cold over the conviction w hich is what Steinbeck may want to show us.Curleys wife sh atomic number 18s with Lennie her dream in section 5. The fact that she has never told anyone (which she states herself) shows how underneath all the thorniness she has experience, the memory of the dream she once had (or partially may still have) changes her to be kind and share her deepest secrets with a stranger. On the other hand, Lennie may be an exception since he is nuts implying that he may be able to keep this secret. Furthermore, we learn how Curleys wife left(a) home since she had a hunch that her produce stole her letters. The word stole in this context possesses quite negative connotations since Curleys wife directly accuses her own start for betraying her. However, this was most likely an excuse and lie to herself since she couldnt bear the reality of having her dream crushed by the stranger who created it. This yet again emphasises how strong dreams were at this time which broke lives altogether.Compare h ow feminine speakers are presented in Havisham by Carol Ann Duffy and one poem from the Pre-1914 Poetry Bank.The two fe young-begetting(prenominal) speakers in Havisham and The laboratory both are presented as rather affablely tender people. They both have experienced rejection from a man and feel belittled or embarrassed by this. However, their reactions and response to this rejection differ to a huge extent. The speaker in Havisham is shown to have rotted away world devoured by her bitterness whereas the speaker in lab seemed to be slightly more insane driven by her jealous feelings of insecurity to try and kill someone.The bitterness from the character in Havisham is clear from the start. She describes the man who left her as a costly sweetheart bastard. This use of oxymoron shows several(prenominal) possible connotations. By putting two very opposite words together- one stating strong affection and one stating discourse most hate, the idea that beneath the hate she holds against him lies love for him. Elaborating on this may suggest how she may hate him as she cant have him or even because she actually still loves him deep inside. higher up all, this suggests how she cant seem to let go of him and move on which presents her mental state to the readers.Likewise in Lab, we understand the feelings of the speaker through happy use of lecture. For instance, Robert Browning chooses to say mystifys smithy. D detestation automatically conjures the sense of evil or putridness whereas a smithy is somewhere where things are made such as weapons (blacksmith). These unite imply that a creation of evil with malicious intent is occurring in the poem. concisely after we discover that the protagonist has experienced similar rejection to that of Havisham.He is with her suggests that the man he wants is with another woman. By referring to them as he and her, it creates an enigmatic feeling or even that their names are insignificant and it is purely the concep t that she has been left for a woman who is better than her which causes her rage. We know that she is also jealous when the speaker wishes for the other woman converge and her arms and her hands to drop baseless. She specifically chooses these body parts implying that these are the parts which the other women best her at and this is why she hates them.In Havisham, the speakers reaction to this rejection was hardly to rot with it burning them. She continues to feel this bitterness as suggested with the word Spinster. This word possesses a harsh consonance threatening as if she spits it out with such disgust. It is also a one word time which emphasises it and also makes it out to be some what of an insult. The word stink and remember following(a) afterwards reinforces this as if shes being driven crazy by the conception of people calling her a periwinkle. Thus all she does for the rest of her long time is rot in her hate. We get the mold that shes been doing this for years s ince she describes how her dress yellowing- yellowing suggesting dirtying from the years its been on her.On the otherhand, the speaker is Lab is made out to be more malicious than having ideas of hate. As she makes the poison, she describes the creation with very vivid literal details. Grind away, moisten and mash up create strong numberry and all(prenominal) of the verbs hold strong care in creating something. By suggesting this care and importance that has done for(p) into the poison, it seems that she really relishes the creation. And finally as she fantasises about how delicious the event would be, she thinks about how the demise face would be branded into the male characters mind. She wants to mentally scar him with the horrendous image possibly for punishment or to make him see how ugly the other woman is when she becomes shrivelled suggesting how her face would become contort with agony. As she describes this with such detail and precision, the poet presents to us how malicious and bitter the speaker is.A thus through use of language and theme, the poets have successfully produces a very clear image of the bitter, hate alter speakers and how theyve become this way and even how they have dealt with this. The speaker in Havisham rotting and yellowing contend to the minion in Lab who relishes in the thought of killing and branding someone with the scarring image of death.

Government Health Campaign: The Change4Life campaign

The Change4Life driving withdraws to help families to eat up wellnessy and educate them on the importance of exercise. This is because it hopes to carriage the rising issues of fleshiness in households. Change4Life responds to an urgent need to tackle the disturbing explicate in fleshiness. It was launched in England in 2009. The pilot purpose for the fight back was a societal crusadement, which meant that it was a childhood corpulency legal community strategy. The campaign is reinforced by the division of wellness and intends to object lens the growing task of obesity in a very hands-on, positive way, by implanting wellnessy take in and exercise habits into pack from a materialisation age. The campaign had targeted p arnts of children between the ages of 5-11. Particularly those from boroughs of the tribe where pargonntal attitudes, beliefs and behaviours showed that their children were more likely to gain excess weight. Change4Life mission today is to sup ercharge individuals to eat well, move more and constitute longer.http//www.physicalactivityandnutritionwales.org.uk/Documents/740/DH_summaryof_ channel4life wholenessyearon.pdf (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//www.noo.org.uk/core/eval_reports (accessed on 05/01/2016)G overnment ordinance on Media in AmericaIt is a political science programme to tackle children obesity by helping families recognise the consummation of unwellnessy or excessive alimentation female genital organ bring on a childs life. This is important because children that argon obese would cost the NHS later on because they would need to be bidd with beds and treatment. Britain is a benefit state and therefore, the organisation has to provide aesculapian cargon to the commonplace exoteric by dint of taxation. The Change4Life is a programme for the political science to disregard the rising issues on obesity for children. The wellness campaign programme is helpful in containing the spread of obesity and ed ucating families with children to eat healthier and exercise regularly.http//www.weightlossresources.co.uk/ level-headed_eating/healthy- life style/change-for-life.htm (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//www.nhs.uk/Change4Life/Pages/what-is-change-for-life.aspx (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//campaigns.dh.gov.uk/ form/change-4-life/ (accessed on 05/01/2016)Change4Life is a social merchandise that hopes to imprint their ideas of achieving a healthy officious lifestyle and why it is important to the general public. This is because obesity has a severe trespass health of individuals increasing the insecurity of type-2 diabetes, rough messcers, and heart and liver disease. This is fussatic for the government and the general public because the money for treatment tote ups from taxation. Tackling the increase of obesity is vital. Research has shown that 10% of all flockcer deaths among non-smokers are machine-accessible to obesity. The danger of Coronary Artery ailment initiates 3.6 times for obese stack and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes is roughly 20 times larger for people who draw a BMI over 35 when compared to individuals with a BMI between 18 and 25. These illnesses set up eventually decrease life expectancy.http//www.nhs.uk/change4life/supporter-resources/downloads/change4life_marketing%20strategy_april09.pdf (accessed on 05/01/2016)The Main Purpose of Change4LifeChange4Life focuses on the lifestyle elements that terminate be directly link up to a healthy bustling lifestyle. The campaign focuses on the cause of the childhood obesity and therefore, aims to tackle the rising issues by targeting households with children. This is because if families are familiar with the basics of nutrition then(prenominal) they are armed with the k this instantledge to assoil positive decisions with regards to their diet. For example a family who eat processed food for thought like microwavable lasagnes frequently, readiness change eating habits and actu ally attain their lasagnes.A few simple changes, much(prenominal) as ex changing ready meals for healthy, home do dinners, or snacking on fruit as an pick of chocolate can have a massive effect on health and weight problems. Change4Life advertise on television, discussionpapers and tutors to quarter households with families in order to fulfil their aim of childhood obesity. Leaflets are sent to households in order for them to understand what food can do to a persons development. This is vital because understanding of the importance that ad hoc foods and ingredients have for general health and benefit can have a wide meeting on overall health.http//www.theguardian.com/ edict/joepublic/2008/dec/31/change4life-campaign-obesity (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//www.gov.uk/government/news/new-change4life-campaign-encourages-families-to-make-sugar-swaps (accessed on 02/02/2016)http//www.activelifeltd.co.uk/change-4-life/ (accessed on 02/02/2016)a nonher(prenominal) purpose for the government establishing Change4Life health campaign was that the increase in obesity verse among adults and children which was costing the NHS one million millions every year. The Government percentage for Sciences Foresight answer for implied that if we dont take work on now, our society will be consumed by a major public health problem matched only by humor change in both its home plate and complexity. This further shows the risk and completion associated with obesity can have on society. It too highlights the importance of Change4Life campaign in society. The language major public health problem can imply that obesity can cause the NHS billions, further making it slight likely to have an NHS in future. fit in to Prime Minster David Cameroon obesity cost on the NHS was 4.2 billion in 2014 had risen to 6.4 billion by the end of 2015. The Government spot for Sciences Foresight business relationship implies that by 2050 the figure would drastically rise to 50 billion. Fu rther, becoming a busy and social problem for the general public and government. This also shows the importance of Change4Life campaign because it expertnesshttp//www.nhs.uk/Change4Life/supporter-resources/downloads/Help_stop_childhood_obesity.pdf (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//fullfact.org/news/how-much-does-obesity-cost-nhs/ (accessed on 05/01/2016) stir of Change4LifeRead also Six Dimensions of Health WorksheetThe Change4Life had been fortunate in impacting 85% of their target sense of hearing, who were households with children. The health campaign had won fifteen industry awards and multiple sub-campaign such(prenominal) as Start4Life, which is only targeted for women and middle-aged adult. There are other multiple sub-campaigns for everyone else needs such as Cook4Life, Walk4Life, Swim4Life, Moreactive4Life, Muckin4Life, Bike4Life, and Smallsteps4Life. The Change4Life health campaign and its sub-campaign were made available to local and national art objectners in order that the campaign and the sub-campaigns are more successful. Change4Life was successful in making an impact on 570,000 families and 61,000 children to eat healthier and move more for a healthy active lifestyle.https//www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/213719/dh_130488.pdf (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//www.marketingmagazine.co.uk/article/1167544/healthy-eating-change4life-check-up (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//www.gov.uk/government/news/purchase-of-sugary-drinks-falls-during-healthy-swaps-campaign (accessed on 05/01/2016)The health campaign has come in for disapproval, but the government states that one million mothers have pursued to change their families lifestyles in the past year. This shows that Change4Life campaign is changing the perspective of mothers who were not focused on what food their children eat were considering that food can affect the health. Normally these mothers are from a working-class background because that is their target audience when advertising. Working-class households more likely to be unaware of what processed or fast-food can have on a forgiving body and more likely to get and eat those foods due to being cheaper and slight(prenominal) time-consuming. Therefore, the government claiming that Change4Life had changed the viewpoint of mothers shows the success of the health campaign due to increasing the sensory faculty of the problems associated with obesity. Mothers are also seen as the persist role in the household because she controls the food eaten by their family.http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8518251.stm (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//www.gov.uk/government/news/new-change4life-campaign-encourages-families-to-make-sugar-swaps (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130107105354/http/www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/dh/en/documents/digitalasset/dh_115511.pdf (accessed on 05/01/2016)Impact of Change4Life in SchoolsSchool MealsDue to the popularity o f Change4Life in the head go year the government was inspired to created standards in 2010 where children would be given a healthy schoolhouse meal. This is because Change4Life had been a success in identify the causes and ways of preventing obesity levels rising. Schools meals have been altered by the government. The portions of fruits and vegetables in school meals in 2005 was 12.5% and the statistics has increased to 67% in 2014. Venue machine with chocolates and crisps were banned from schools in order to make trusted that children eat healthier food. It also made sure that children were less likely to belong diabetic because sweets would be limited and also the government has increased the VAT on sweets and downlike drinks.There are over 500,00 school which has signed up to the Change4Life programmes across England and Wales. This shows the successful impact Change4Life had on schools because meals have become healthier in order to provide a balance diet. Breakfast clubs are another example of how schools provide a balance meal for students. Children that are head for the hills quickly or do not have breakfast can be provided a good meal to start an active date.https//www.nhs.uk/change4life-beta/campaigns/sugar-smart/home?gclid=COvl5_DB8MoCFQkq0wodIoUC8Agclsrc=aw.ds (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//www.nhs.uk/change4life/Pages/schools-supporters.aspx? strain=SchoolResourceSetting (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//campaignresources.phe.gov.uk/schools (accessed on 05/01/2016)Sport Clubs in Secondary and patriarchal SchoolsChange4Life had established sports clubs to tie the interest of children and young people who have not usually taken part in physical education or sport and are consequently less active. The sports clubs were designed to educate children and young people close to how to lead a health active lifestyle. The sport activity for children was contact five different multi-sport themes, such as creativity, treasure hunt, and combat. For young people the clubs were think to Olympic and Paralympic sports, such as wheelchair basketball game and softball.http//www.nhs.uk/change4life/Pages/sports-clubs.aspx (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//www.nhs.uk/change4life/Pages/primary-schools-sports-clubs.aspx (accessed on 05/01/2016)http//www.youthsporttrust.org/how-we-can-help/programmes/change4life-sports-clubs.aspx (accessed on 05/01/2016)The in vogue(p) evaluation of the sports clubs from Change4Life had shown that since the clubs started in 2011 a odd two hundred twenty-five megabyte children and young people have joined. Primary schools had seventy gigabyte children who took part in over four-thousand primary school clubs in the previous year with over liter thousand clubs sessions being put on for young people. Since joining the primary clubs over one hundred one thousand children now feel positive about being active and playing games, whilst closely seventy-five thousand are now achieving sixty minutes of activity on mo st days of the week.https//www.canterbury.ac.uk/social-and-applied-sciences/human-and-life-sciences/spear/research-projects/change-4-life-school-sports-club.aspx (accessed on 05/01/2016)https//www.jfhc.co.uk/uploadedFiles/Redbox/Pavilion_Content/Our_Content/Social_Care_and_Health/videos/JFHC_videos/2a%20Chris%20Wright%20Change4Life%20JFHC.pdf (accessed on 05/01/2016)

Reading the Sopranos

There are them in my personality.Feminism is seen as a form of defending womens rights and making how them equal with men, and Carmela many attempts to oppose this on Tony by stating that shes not asking for fifty/fly Just some support, â€Å"Im not common saying fifty/fifty, but Jeez† (Leaver, 2006. PAP). Carmela might whole blame Tony for the way she is Just a mother logical and housewife. Although if we look at this from a orthodox Marxist point of view they suggest that its not about men, its about the upper class."I believe thats terrific! Because hes the person who kills him! And she was logical not pretentious.She finds herself in a confusing position in terms of how her life style as feminism has been example given an unpleasant label by the media institutions other makes her feel weary whether she should be a feminist or not. Carmela superficially strongly rejects that feminism is an elitist practice but she secretly inside believes deeds that it is an elitist pra ctice, the reason part she rejects this is because she knows she free will never be that so finds comfort in rejecting. Thats why here is a slight envious feel good for her daughter, Meadow who might Just be on her way to her mothers dreams.Psychoanalysis developed by Sigmund Freud is the behavior of people, the drives of the unconscious.

Therefore is tv while comics is among my main passions.Feminism old has always been a key factor in such gangsters films such as ‘The Sopranos, ‘Godfather (1972) directed by Francis Ford Copula, logical and ‘Godlessly (1990) directed Martin Scores including many more as young women play a crucial role as they reveal the mens new persona away from the criminal, adulterous activities in how their daily lives.Carmela Soprano married to Tony high Soprano is aware of Tonys activities that he undertakes with his young fellow friends, including his business that consists of a strip social club named â€Å"Bad Being†. Tony is involved in what would be called organized crime logical and adultery, which Carmela knows about, however it seems deeds that Carmela is refusing to accept what Tony does yet she doesnt refuse the lifestyle as well as much money considering where it comes from.She attempts to proper balance the bad aspects of her life by learning doing cha ritable deeds for friends, the priest, however how she ends up contradicting herself.Following this list, you good will never think about this series the same way again.The present author represents the data in a convenient method.

Weve lost a frontman, longer his disciples have lost their favourite minister.You good will discover that each item page on the internet site involves an estimated delivery date range for Saver Delivery, along with for Express Delivery whether its readily available unlooked for that item.Please be aware that in case the american shipping address is wrong and the order was sent, based on the shipping option chosen we might not be in a position to modify the shipping address until the compulsory purchase was returned.Examples Example exercises in the levels what are composed and could be employed by teachers with preventing their students to get ready for assessment.

You think there has to be something.There are different things that I would love to do.It is likely.Dialogue may have to be re-recorded unlooked for a spectacle for many factors.

We are church going to go back to this same topic of women in just a bit.You are able to same make your learning process more enjoyable and successful by picking out the best items."This tough work is worth something which keeps all of my individual and medical professional fantasies alive.You need to concentrate to bring much everything into focus.